Yantra tattooing, also called sak yant, is a form of tattooing practiced in Southeast Asian countries including Cambodia, Laos, and Thailand. The practice has also begun to grow in popularity among Chinese Buddhists in Singapore. Sak means "to tap [tattoo]", and yant is Thai for the Sanskrit word yantra.
Sak yant designs are normally tattooed by Ruesi, wicha (magic) practitioners, and Buddhist monks, traditionally with a long bamboo stick sharpened to a point (called a mai sak) or alternatively with a long metal spike (called a khem sak).
Yantra tattoos are believed to be magic and bestow mystical powers, protection, or good luck.
In Cambodia, the tattoo is used for self-protection. Cambodians believe a yantra has magical powers that ward off evil and hardship. The tattoo is particularly popular amongst military personnel. The tattoo supposedly guarantees that the person cannot receive any physical harm as long as they observe certain rules.
There are many traditional types and designs of Yantra Tattoos, but some of the most well-known and popular include:
Ongk Phra (Thai:
? translation: Buddha's body) - one of the most commonly used elements in Yantra tattooing but can also be a more complex standalone design. Meant to provide insight, guidance, illumination, etc.
Ha Thaew (Thai:
translation: five rows) - Typically tattooed on the back left shoulder. Each of the five lines relates to a different blessing for success and good luck.
Kao Yord (Thai:
? translation: nine spires) - typically tattooed on the center top of the back in various sizes and levels of complexity. Simple version pictured at the top of this article.
Sii Yord (Thai:
translation: four spires) - to influence the feelings or actions of others and protect the bearer.
Paed Tidt (Thai:
translation: eight points) - represents protection in the eight directions of the universe. Round shape; typically tattooed on the center of the back. Pictured in gallery below.
Sip Tidt Thai:
(translation: ten points) - a version of Paed Tidt but protects in ten directions instead of eight.
Mahaniyom (Thai:
? (translation: great preference) - to grant the bearer favor in the eyes of others. Round shape; typically placed on the back right shoulder.
Yord Mongkut (Thai:
?? translation: spired crown) - for good fortune and protection in battle. Round shape; typically tattooed on the top of the head.
Bpanjamukhee (translation: five Deva faces) - intended to ward off illness and danger.
Suea (Thai:
? translation: tiger) - typically depicts twin tigers. Represents power and authority.